Alla inlägg den 11 oktober 2008

Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:31


Tackling is the only way of legally bringing down your opponent in rugby.



But there are certain laws on how to tackle and if these are not adhered to, penalties will follow.


When you tackle an opponent, you cannot make contact above the shoulders. This is for safety reasons.


The referee will instantly give a penalty if he sees a high tackle, and a few stronger words may follow if the challenge is deemed dangerous.


Expect a yellow card and a spell in the sin-bin or a red card and instant dismissal for more serious offences.


Other laws govern what can and cannot happen once a tackle has been made.


GOING TO GROUND

Once a player in possession of the ball has been brought to ground by a tackler, they must release the ball immediately.


They can do this either by passing off to a team-mate or placing the ball on the ground.


The tackler must release the player they have just brought down and roll away from them and the ball.


If the referee believes the tackler has not rolled away quick enough, he will award a penalty to the opposition.


The same is true for the player who has been tackled. If they do not release the ball immediately and roll away from it, they will concede a penalty.


Referees are strict on this, because players can often try to slow the ball up for the opposition, helping their side to re-group in defence.


STEALING BALL IN THE TACKLE

If they are quick enough, a team-mate of the tackler can pick up the ball from the contact area as long as they are on their feet.

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However as soon as a team-mate from the ball carrier's side comes into contact with that player and the ball is still on the ground, the tackle then becomes a ruck.


None of the tackler's team-mates can attempt to handle or pick up the ball once the ruck has formed.


However they can use their strength to drive over the team in possession and attempt to win the ball.


OTHER LAWS

If a player has been tackled and their natural momentum takes them over the try-line and the ball is grounded, a try is awarded.


A player tackled near the goal-line can also reach out and attempt to touch the ball down for a try.


There are certain situations where tackles cannot be made.


If the ball carrier has been held by an opponent, but has not gone to ground, and a team-mate has bound onto them, a maul is formed.


At that point a tackle cannot be made for safety reasons.


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:23

The scrum-half is the player who gets things going in the scrum.


It is their job to feed the ball into the scrum for the hooker to strike back to the number eight.


The scrum-half can roll the ball in from either the left-hand side or the right-hand side of the scrum.


The scrum-half must then not handle the ball until it has come out of the scrum.


The six other backs must be at least five metres behind the off-side line running through the hindmost foot of the last forward in the scrum.


If they are not, the referee will penalise the offending team.



Hooking the ball


When it comes to scrums, the hooker is the player with all the responsibility and pressure.

Their job is to strike the ball back to the number 8 once the scrum-half has fed the ball into the scrum.

This is not as easy as it sounds.

Why? Because the opposition's hooker is trying to steal the ball from you.

Plus you've got eight huge forwards on the other side trying to push you off the ball.

The hooker is the only player in the scrum who can raise their feet - otherwise they would never be able to strike the ball.

However, no other player in the scrum is allowed to handle the ball until the ball is free - not even the hooker.


When is a scrum ended?


A scrum is finished when the ball has come out of the scrum.

Once it has, then the opposition scrum-half can tackle their opposite number for the ball.

But in some situations the number 8 may dribble with the ball, keeping it in the scrum.

This means the opposing scrum-half cannot get their hands on the ball because it's still in the scrum.

This often happens when the team in possession have an attacking scrum near their opponent's try line.


RETAKING A SCRUM

The referee is in charge on the pitch and if he's not happy with a scrum, he can order it to be re-taken again when:

· The scrum has rotated 90 degrees

· The scrum has collapsed before the ball has been fed or before the ball has come out

· The ball does not come out quick enough


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:13

This is one of the methods used to restart play when the ball has gone over a team's dead ball line.

For example, if the attacking team kicks the ball beyond the dead ball line, a member of the defending team can touch it down for a 22-metre drop-out.

The defending team can also ground the ball in their in-goal area for a drop-out if a player on the other side was the last person to touch the ball.


Once the ball has been touched down, a player from the defending team can advance to the 22m line and restart play with a drop kick.


They can kick the ball a short distance forward and try to regain possession, put up a high kick for the forwards to get under or kick the ball as far as possible down the field.


A 22-metre drop-out is not awarded, however, if a member of the defending team has either passed or carried the ball back over the dead ball line before the ball is touched down.

In this case, a five-metre scrum is awarded to the attacking team.
Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:12



Two packs of players, straining every muscle for every inch of opposition territory they can claim.

Of course, it's the scrum.

It is used for restarting play after the following:

·  The ball has been knocked on

·  The ball has gone forward

·  Accidental offside

·  The ball has not come out from a ruck or maul

Not every player can join a scrum. Only eight players from each team can take part.

They are almost always the eight forwards in the side.

The scrum is formed at the place where the infringement happened.

All scrums must take place at least five metres from the touch or trylines.

However the scrum is one of the hardest areas of the game to referee because of the many infringements, particularly in the front row.


BINDING

Referees pay particular attention to the bindings of the two front rows.

Props must use the whole arm from hand to shoulder to grasp their opponent's body at or below the level of the armpit.

They must grasp their opposite number's shirt from the side or the back.

They cannot go underneath and grab the collar or the sleeve of the upper arm.

Props often look for a late bind when they engage.

By maneuvering their arm they can manipulate their opponent's body position, giving them a significant advantage in the push.

However referees are stringent on this move because of safety reasons.

Twisting, dipping or collapsing a scrum will result in a penalty against the offending team.


FRONT ROW OFFENCES

Rather than engaging square on with their opponent, tight-head props can bore their heads into the hooker.

This limits the movement of the opposition hooker.

Sometimes you may see a tight-head prop's body pop out of a scrum while it is still taking place.

This is because their opposing loose-head prop has used a subtle shift of body position and pushed into the tight-head prop's chest.

Both moves are illegal and are punishable with penalties.


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:07




A maul occurs when three or more players, including the ball carrier and at least one other player from either side, are in contact together.


What makes the maul different to the ruck is that the ball is not on the ground but in hand.

But like the ruck, the offside line is the "hindmost" foot of the last team-mate bound to the

maul.


Players can only join in from behind that team-mate. Anyone who comes in from the sides will be penalised by the referee.


Players joining the maul must have their heads or shoulders no lower than their hips and must have at least one arm bound to a team-mate.

The team not in possession of the ball cannot deliberately collapse the maul. This is for safety reasons.

Penalties can also be given for attempting to drag players out of the maul.

However this can be allowed if players are legitimately dragging out members of the opposition who have ended up on the wrong side.


OBSTRUCTION

One of the infringements referees have clamped down on in the past few years has been obstruction in the maul, or "truck and trailer" as it has been called.

This is when a player acts as a screen, blocking tacklers from reaching the ball carrier.

However players can circumvent this law if two or more team-mates bind around the ball together and move forwards.

As long as the tackler has a fair opportunity to contest the ball, the referee will allow the maul to continue.


'USE IT OR LOSE IT'

If the maul stops moving forwards the referee will often shout "use it or lose it" to the team in possession.

This means they must pass the ball within a five-second time period.

If they do not the referee will call a scrum and the team not in possession will be given the feed.

However if a player has caught the ball from a kick-off or a drop-out and is drawn in the middle of a maul inside their own 22m line, the referee will award the scrum to their side if the ball has not come out in time.

A maul ends when the ball is passed out or is on the ground.


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 15:02

When it comes to rules and regulations, the ruck is one of the more complex parts of rugby .


When a tackled player goes to ground, they must release the ball immediately.

As soon as that happens, the opposition will want to get their hands on the ball, and the team in possession will not want to give it away.


According to the laws, "the ruck is a phase of play where one or more players from each team, who are on their feet, in physical contact, close around the ball on the ground".


So to gain possession, both sides must try to drive over the ball to make it available for their team-mates.


HANDS IN THE RUCK

None of the tackler's team-mates can attempt to handle or pick up the ball once the ruck has formed.

Team-mates of the tackled player can use their hands, but only if they are on their feet.

Referees often blow up for penalties because a player off their feet or from the tackler's team has used a subtle hand to bring it back to their side.

But because of the sheer number of bodies involved in rucks, referees can sometimes miss this particular infringement.


JOINING A RUCK

All players must join the ruck from behind the 'hindmost' foot of the last player.

They must bind with one arm round a team-mate at the very back of the ruck.

Players cannot take shortcuts and join from the sides.

If the referee spots this, a penalty will be given to the non-offending team.


USING THE BOOT

The ball can often get stuck under a pile of bodies, making it difficult for either team to make it available.

New Zealand second row Chris Jack feels the boot at the bottom of a ruck

Players are allowed to free the ball by using their boot. This term is called 'rucking'.

However, they must ensure they do not make contact with players' heads or tread on bodies intentionally.

Referees are particularly strict on this law for safety reasons, so reckless rucking can mean time in the sin-bin or even a red card.


DIVING IN

All players joining a ruck must be on their feet.

But sometimes players dive in off their feet in an attempt to slow the ball down, allowing defences to re-group.

Referees are particularly strict on this.


BALL NOT FREE

If the ball does not come out of a ruck after about five seconds, the referee will award a scrum to the team he considers to have the greater forward momentum in the ruck.


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 14:56

The line-out is another awesome sight in rugby union.

It is a way of restarting play after the ball has been knocked or kicked out of play past the touch line.

The line-out consists of three to eight players from each side, up to 16 in total, and is taken where the ball went out of play.

The aim of each player is simply to get their hands on the ball for their team.

So how does it work? The advantage is with the team throwing in.

They get the ball because they were not the team who last touched the ball before it went out. They also get to decide how many players will make up the line-out.


FORMING A LINE-OUT

Forming a line-out

The eight forwards and the scrum-half are the players who make up the line-out.

The most important players are the hooker, the two second rows and scrum-half. They are responsible for getting the ball out to the backs or for the rest of the forwards.

That does not mean the other players have nothing to do. Far from it.

The line-out must be formed past the five-metre line and no more than 15m in from the touchline, and both teams must have a one metre gap between them.

If the referee decides one team has purposely closed the gap, a penalty will be awarded to the other team.


LINE-OUT THROWS

Throwing in on a line-out

The hooker is usually the player with the job throwing the ball into a line-out. Their aim is to find the "jumpers", usually the two second rowers.

But this is not easy. The other team also want the ball, so they'll be doing all they can to upset the hooker's throw.

The hooker gets a call from one of the jumpers or the scrum half, usually in a code no-one except your team understands, on who to aim the throw at.

They must stand behind the touch line when they make their throw.

And the throw must be deadly straight, otherwise the referee will have the line-out taken again, but this time the opposition get the throw in.


RETAKEN THROWS

Retaken line-outs

The line-out may look very simple, but it has plenty of laws every player must follow:

· The ball must be thrown straight

· All players not in the line-out must be 10m behind the last man in the line

· No player can use a one of the opposition to use as support when they are jumping

· No player is allowed to push, charge or hold another player in the line-out

· No player can be lifted before the ball is thrown

· No jumper can use the outside of their arm to catch or deflect the ball

Depending on how serious the offence is, the referee will either award a penalty or free-kick to the team who did not make the offence.


Av ricardo rodriguez - 11 oktober 2008 14:55



This is a place you should avoid at all costs.


The sin-bin is the bench where all players who have committed a yellow card offence sit out of the game for 10 minutes.

If the referee believes a player has committed a serious foul or shown indiscipline, then he

will show them the yellow card, just like in football.


But unlike in football, that player must then immediately leave the pitch.


They then have to sit in the sin-bin for 10 minutes while the game continues without them.

It leaves their team a man down for a sizeable chunk of the game, giving the opposition the perfect opportunity to push for points

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